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1997 | 1999 | 2001 | 2003 | 2006 | 2009 | 2012 | |
Technology generations | |||||||
DRAM (half-pitch) | 0.25µ | 0.18µ | 0.15µ | 0.13µ | 0.10µ | 0.07µ | 0.05µ |
MPU (gate length) | 0.20µ | 0.14µ | 0.12µ | 0.10µ | 0.07µ | 0.05µ | 0.035µ |
DRAMs | |||||||
Samples | 256-Mbit | 1-Gbit | -- | 4-Gbit | 16-Gbit | 64-Gbit | 256-Gbit |
Production ramp up | 64-Mbit | 256-Mbit | 1-Gbit | 1-Gbit | 4-Gbit | 16-Gbit | 64-Gbit |
Logic transistors/cm² | |||||||
MPUs | 3.7 million | 6.2 million | 10 million | 18 million | 39 million | 84 million | 180 million |
ASICs | 8 million | 14 million | 16 million | 24 million | 40 million | 64 million | 100 million |
Die size (mm²) | |||||||
DRAMs | 280 | 400 | 445 | 560 | 790 | 1,120 | 1,580 |
MPUs | 300 | 340 | 385 | 430 | 520 | 620 | 750 |
ASICs | 480 | 800 | 850 | 900 | 1,000 | 1,100 | 1,300 |
Frequency (MHz) | |||||||
Transistor speed | 750 | 1,250 | 2,100 | 3,500 | 6,000 | 10,000 | 1,300 |
Across-chip speed | 750 | 1,200 | 1,400 | 1,600 | 2,000 | 2,500 | 3,000 |
Voltage (V) | 1.8-2.5 | 1.5-1.8 | 1.2-1.5 | 1.2-1.5 | 0.9-1.2 | 0.6-0.9 | 0.5-0.6 |
Packaging (pins/balls) | |||||||
MPU/MCUs | 600 | 810 | 900 | 1,100 | 1,500 | 2,000 | 2,700 |
ASICs | 1,100 | 1,500 | 1,800 | 2,200 | 3,000 | 4,100 | 5,500 |
Wafer size (mm) | 200 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 300 | 450 | 450 |